CAPRIN1 localizes to CD63-positive MVB-like SARS-CoV-2 egress compartments and limits cytopathic effects

Authors

Woloszyn, J. S., Schroeder, J., Berger, J. M., Kotova, E., Schaeper, R., Pfefferle, S., Uetrecht, C., Soh, T. K., Bosse, J. B.

Abstract

Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic condensates that assemble under cellular stress, including viral infection. The best-characterized evasion strategy in SARS-CoV-2 infection involves the viral nucleocapsid (N) protein hijacking the SG core protein G3BP1, thereby preventing SG assembly. By performing network analysis of N protein interactomes, we identified CAPRIN1 as an underexplored candidate, despite its central role alongside G3BP1 in SG assembly. Here, we provide the first high-resolution spatial and functional data on CAPRIN1 in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using ultrastructure expansion microscopy (U-ExM), we localized CAPRIN1 and viral egress markers to enlarged, CD63- and LAMP1-positive, multivesicular body (MVB)-like egress compartments, refining the current model of SARS-CoV-2 egress. CAPRIN1 was found on both the limiting membrane of these compartments and within the intraluminal vesicles, a pattern distinct from G3BP1. Knockout of CAPRIN1 increased infection-associated cell death, promoted an aberrant cell-death phenotype, and enhanced syncytia formation. Together, our data reveal distinct activities of CAPRIN1 during infection and identify the egress compartments as MVB-like, raising the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 repurposes more than one cellular pathway for egress.

Preprint server: bioRxiv
The authors list and abstract were imported from bioRxiv on 27 Aug 2026.

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