Authors
Emanuelsson, E. B., Reitzner, S. M., Quizon, A., Burrows, J. T., Elmastas, M., Jalkanen, J., Perez, S., Gilljam, H., Lindholm, M. E., Norrbom, J., Palsson, B., Zielinski, D. C., Ryden, M., Chapman, M. A., Sundberg, C. J.
Abstract
Regular exercise training is associated with systemic and tissue-specific performance and health benefits, yet long-term molecular adaptations in subcutaneous abdominal white adipose tissue (scWAT) remain unclear. We analyzed the resting scWAT transcriptome of 89 adults (35-50 years) who were long-term (>15 years) endurance- or strength-trained, or untrained. Long-term training was linked to enrichment of ribosomal, mitochondrial, and aerobic metabolism-related pathways, while immune-related pathways were enriched in untrained individuals. A distinct sex dimorphic scWAT was identified: untrained females exhibited a more metabolically favorable, "trained-like" transcriptomic profile, and untrained males an "untrained-like" profile. In trained males, the inflammatory gene signature was lower than in untrained males. We also identified 11 genes specific to lipid-associated macrophages with lower expression in trained individuals, particularly in all endurance-trained individuals and strength-trained females. These findings highlight sex-specific, exercise-induced adaptations in scWAT relevant to metabolic health, and underscore the importance of including both sexes in scWAT research.
Preprint server:
bioRxiv
The authors list and abstract were imported from bioRxiv on 10 Nov 2025.
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