Authors
V Dharaniprabha, Kuppanagounder P Elango
Published in
Journal of fluorescence. Mar 04, 2025. Epub Mar 04, 2025.
Abstract
The prevalence use of cyanide and its pernicious risks to human health accentuates the prominence of cyanide detection. Concerning this, we have developed a probe VDP4 by coupling a donor (8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carbaldehyde) and an acceptor (2-(1H-benzimidazole-2-yl)acetonitrile) by Knoevenagel condensation reaction for the exclusive detection of cyanide in an aqueous solution. The VDP4 responded to CN- by changing its color to yellow and switching on its fluorescence following contact with cyanide. 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-MS, FT-IR, and DFT studies provide an attestation for the signaling mechanism for cyanide detection is the deprotonation of the -OH group combined with nucleophilic addition of cyanide at the electron-deficient vinylic carbon atom of VDP4. A very low colourimetric (86 nM) and fluorometric (44 nM) detection limit highlighted its practicability, and Job studies ratified the 1:1 binding interaction. The DFT/TDDFT studies uncovered that colour changes of VDP4 with CN- were caused by ICT variations, and PET modulations were responsible for fluorescent alterations. The spatial ICT was a key factor for the deep yellow coloration of the VDP4 in the presence of CN-. The energy level diagram of frontier molecular orbitals unveiled that Photoinduced electron transfer from the benzimidazole part to the 8-hydroxy quinoline part was liable for the frail emission of VDP4 which occluded in the presence of CN- thereby turning on the fluorescence of the fluorophore. The real-time analysis results advocated that VDP4 was the optimum choice for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of CN- in food samples.
PMID:
40035938
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 04 Mar 2025.
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