Polyacrylonitrile/Polyaniline Composite Nanofibers for High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerator and Self-Powered Wireless Sensing Applications.

Authors

Changqu Shi, Xing Liu, Chao Zhao, Jing Li, Yifan Wang, Jingbo Wang, Yongchao Duo, Yeran Li, Xin Jin, Zhengtao Zhu, Wenyu Wang

Published in

ACS applied materials & interfaces. Apr 01, 2025. Epub Apr 01, 2025.

Abstract

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are emerging as a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach for energy harvesting and self-powered sensing, because of their diverse material options, simple structure, and efficient energy conversion. However, developing tribopositive materials with both high-charge-inducing and high-charge-trapping capabilities remains a significant challenge. Herein, a high-performance TENG is developed based on a polyaniline (PANI) embedded polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membrane (NM) (P/P NM) for energy harvesting and self-powered wireless sensing. The incorporation of PANI significantly enhanced the electrical performance, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of P/P NMs. The P/P NM-based TENG achieved an output voltage of 726 V, a short-circuit current density of 32 μA/cm², and a peak power density of 23.3 W/m², which were approximately 2.3, 3.6, and 4.6 times higher than those of the pristine PAN NM-based TENG, respectively. Detailed investigations revealed that the embedded PANI improved the electron-donating ability and dielectric constant (by 4.25 times) of P/P NMs, thereby significantly boosting the electrical output of the TENG. The mechanical energy harvesting ability was elucidated through capacitor charging and the operation of low-power devices. Furthermore, the P/P NM-based TENG was integrated into a self-powered wireless sensing system, which enabled the cross-scale monitoring of human signals ranging from tiny pulses to large-scale movements. The introduction of PANI nanofillers provides a simple, effective, and scalable strategy for developing high-performance positive tribomaterials, thus, advancing the practical application of TENGs in energy harvesting and self-powered sensing.

PMID:
40168595
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 02 Apr 2025.

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