Minute-scale dynamics of recurrent dike intrusions in Iceland with fiber-optic geodesy.

Authors

Jiaxuan Li, Ettore Biondi, Elías Rafn Heimisson, Simone Puel, Qiushi Zhai, Shane Zhang, Vala Hjörleifsdóttir, Xiaozhuo Wei, Elijah Bird, Andy Klesh, Valey Kamalov, Theodór Gunnarsson, Halldór Geirsson, Zhongwen Zhan

Published in

Science (New York, N.Y.). Pages eadu0225. Apr 24, 2025. Epub Apr 24, 2025.

Abstract

Continuous geodetic measurements near volcanic systems can image magma transport dynamics, yet resolving dike intrusions with high spatiotemporal resolution remains challenging. We introduce fiber-optic geodesy, leveraging low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LFDAS) recordings along a telecommunication fiber-optic cable, to track dike intrusions near Grindavík, Iceland, on a minute timescale. LFDAS reveals distinct strain responses from nine intrusive events, six resulting in fissure eruptions. Geodetic inversion of LFDAS strain reveals detailed magmatic intrusions, with inferred dike volume rate peaking systematically 15 to 22 min before the onset of each eruption. Our results demonstrate DAS's potential for a dense strainmeter array, enabling high-resolution, nearly real-time imaging of subsurface quasi-static deformations. In active volcanic regions, LFDAS recordings can offer critical insights into magmatic evolution, eruption forecasting, and hazard assessment.

PMID:
40273283
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 25 Apr 2025.

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