[Landau-Kleffner Syndrome: Current Etiopathogenesis and Management].

Authors

Alma D Méndez-Álvarez, Karla P Meneses-León, Dira B Monsalvo-Soler, Alondra M Morales-Segundo, Laura Gómez-Virgilio, Gustavo López-Toledo

Published in

Revista de neurologia. Volume 80. Issue 4. Pages 42643. May 27, 2025.

Abstract

Landau-Kleffner syndrome is a developmental epileptic encephalopathy that manifests mainly in pediatric patients, characterized by verbal auditory agnosia and focal, bilateral, and focal and diffuse epileptic activity, visualized through electroencephalographic recordings performed during sleep. It is a rare syndrome with a variable, multifactorial presentation and unknown etiology, although it has a genetic component in some cases. It is often associated with variants of the glutamate ionotropic receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) type subunit 2A (GRIN2A) gene, which encodes an NMDA receptor subunit of the same name that is involved in various neurophysiological processes. Modifications to this receptor could be associated with the clinical manifestations observed in patients. This review proposes a pathophysiological mechanism related to one of the clinical presentations of this disease, using information published in recent years, and contributes to the understanding of its pathology and the improvement of its management. This syndrome is a rare and complex disease; both its diagnosis and treatment are challenging, limiting patients' therapeutic options and compromising their quality of life.

PMID:
40464423
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 05 Jun 2025.

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