The translation inhibitors kasugamycin, edeine and GE81112 target distinct steps during 30S initiation complex formation.

Authors

Haaris A Safdari, Martino Morici, Ana Sanchez-Castro, Andrea Dallapè, Helge Paternoga, Anna Maria Giuliodori, Attilio Fabbretti, Pohl Milón, Daniel N Wilson

Published in

Nature communications. Volume 16. Issue 1. Pages 2470. Mar 12, 2025. Epub Mar 12, 2025.

Abstract

During bacterial translation initiation, the 30S ribosomal subunit, initiation factors, and initiator tRNA define the reading frame of the mRNA. This process is inhibited by kasugamycin, edeine and GE81112, however, their mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated. Here we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of 30S initiation intermediate complexes formed in the presence of kasugamycin, edeine and GE81112 at resolutions of 2.0-2.9 Å. The structures reveal that all three antibiotics bind within the E-site of the 30S and preclude 30S initiation complex formation. While kasugamycin and edeine affect early steps of 30S pre-initiation complex formation, GE81112 stalls pre-initiation complex formation at a further step by allowing start codon recognition, but impeding IF3 departure. Collectively, our work highlights how chemically distinct compounds binding at a conserved site on the 30S can interfere with translation initiation in a unique manner.

PMID:
40075065
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 05 Aug 2025.

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