Authors
Yang Bai, Xuchao Li, Yuxin Shi, Yucong Zhang, Songlin Xie
Published in
Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). Pages e08493. Sep 09, 2025. Epub Sep 09, 2025.
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have significant application prospects in the field of flexible wearable sensors. However, there are still challenges to stably apply conductive hydrogels in extreme environments and various aqueous conditions. To enable the application of conductive hydrogels across a wide temperature range and in multiple environments, it is necessary to consider comprehensive properties such as anti-swelling ability, flexibility, self-adhesiveness, stable linear sensing, and certain durability. This paper proposes the preparation of conductive hydrogels using 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, N-allylthiourea monomers, and polyrotaxane based cross-linkers. The synergistic effect of multiple hydrogen bond interactions within the hydrogel networks ensures its stability in various environments, while the polyrotaxane based sliding ring structure effectively alleviates stress concentration. The introduction of phytic acid endows the hydrogel with water retention capabilities. Notably, this hydrogel exhibits good linear stability, and the abundant hydrogen bonding allows it to maintain stability and usability at high temperatures (50 °C) and low temperatures (-42 °C). The strong hydrogen bonding between thiourea, ether groups, and water molecules enables it to function normally underwater, particularly in a seawater environment at 2 °C for winter swimming application. Therefore, the designed hydrogel shows great potential for wearable flexible sensors in extreme and diverse environments.
PMID:
40923105
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 09 Sep 2025.
Read full publication at:
Please sign in
to see all details.
Advertisement
Stats
- Recommendations n/a n/a positive of 0 vote(s)
- Views 56
- Comments 0