Disposable paper-based electrochemical sensor for hydroquinone detection in environmental samples using a MXene-CNT hybrid composite.

Authors

Pramod K Kalambate, Sharad S Upadhyay, Shambhavi Singh, Wanida Laiwattanapaisal, Dhanjai

Published in

Mikrochimica acta. Volume 192. Issue 10. Pages 665. Sep 13, 2025. Epub Sep 13, 2025.

Abstract

This study investigates the electrochemical performance of MXene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) composite-based sensor and its comparison with MWCNT for the sensitive detection of hydroquinone (HQ) in undiluted water samples. The sensor employs custom-made screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with Ti₃C₂T_x/MWCNT, allowing for rapid fabrication and integration of the working, reference, and counter electrodes into a compact, portable device. The multilayer MXene provides a large specific surface area, while MWCNT enhances electrical conductivity, enabling clear electrochemical signals even in complex sample matrices. The MWCNT/SPCE and Ti₃C₂T_x/MWCNT/SPCE sensors demonstrated excellent sensitivity, achieving low detection limits of 0.055 µM and 0.261 µM, with wide Linear ranges of 3-600 µM and 6-900 µM, respectively. The sensor demonstrates strong selectivity for HQ with minimal interference from coexisting species and requires little to no sample preparation, offering a feasible approach for real-time environmental monitoring.

PMID:
40944774
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 13 Sep 2025.

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