Authors
Qian Zeng, Yangping Wen, Weiqiang Li, Hongyu Xiao, Xiaoqin Fu, Zhenna Shi, Anna Li, Jingye Liang, Chaoli Tan, Qihua Xu, Kaijie Tang
Published in
Mikrochimica acta. Volume 192. Issue 10. Pages 684. Sep 20, 2025. Epub Sep 20, 2025.
Abstract
Sulfadimidine (SM2), a potentially carcinogenic sulfonamides, poses a threat to food safety. In this study, a portable electrochemical sensing platform integrated with a smartphone is developed for on-site sulfadimidine (SM2) detection. The electrode utilizes a flexible three-electrode system based on laser-induced porous graphene (LIPG), fabricated via CO₂ laser etching of polyimide (PI) film. The platform is wirelessly connected to a portable electrochemical workstation and smartphone via Bluetooth. Laser parameters, including power and etching depth, are optimized to improve electrochemical performance. The optimized LIPG electrode exhibits significantly improved sensitivity-2.87 and 10.87-fold higher than screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and glassy carbon electrode (GCE), respectively-along with excellent stability (RSD < 0.46% over 99 cycles) and a rapid 10 s response time. Quantitative detection of SM2 demonstrates good linearity (3 - 110 μM, R2 = 0.999), with low limits of detection (LOD) of 0.03 μM and quantification (LOQ) of 0.1 μM. The method is validated in spiked beef (recovery 93.34% - 103.70%) and milk (recovery 98.50% - 100.80%), confirming its practical applicability. This work is novel in systematically linking laser processing parameters to LIPG electrochemical performance and significant in demonstrating a field-deployable, cost-effective, and smartphone-enabled strategy for monitoring SM2 residues.
PMID:
40974437
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 20 Sep 2025.
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