Integrated Real-Time Therapy and Monitor Study of a Dual-Frequency Focusing Transducer Based on Vibroacoustic Signals.

Authors

ZiYi Chen, ChengLong Hu, Xin Ai, Fan Jiang, XiaoFeng Hu, JiaXin Song, Peng Tan, JianWen Tan, YanHao Li

Published in

Ultrasound in medicine & biology. Oct 11, 2025. Epub Oct 11, 2025.

Abstract

Accurate temperature monitoring is crucial during High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) therapy to ensure both therapeutic efficacy and tissue safety. Traditional monitoring methods, such as MRI thermometry, are limited by high cost and poor real-time performance.
This paper proposes a novel temperature monitoring and control strategy based on Ultrasound-Stimulated Acoustic Emission (USAE) signals combined with Vibro-Acoustography (VA) technology to achieve real-time assessment of tissue temperature changes and damage status. Dual-frequency HIFU transducers were employed to achieve synchronous acquisition of dual-frequency confocal excitation and USAE signals. Validation experiments were successively conducted on a graphite model, ex vivo bovine heart tissue, and in vivo tissue.
The results showed that both the USAE signal amplitude and temperature exhibited an increasing trend prior to tissue injury. The temperature in the low-temperature zone of the graphite model increased linearly over time, with a heating rate of approximately 0.65°C/s and a linear fit of R² = 0.98. The temperature rise rate in ex vivo bovine heart tissue increased significantly to 7.31°C/s (R² = 0.96). At the 4-second and 6-second marks, the predicted temperatures were 50.6°C and 65.2°C, respectively, both consistent with the measured values, indicating the strong predictive capability of the fitted model. Furthermore, results from all three experimental groups indicated that when tissue underwent thermal coagulation, the USAE signal amplitude decreased, and the rate of temperature change also reduced. Combined with VA imaging results, it was demonstrated that changes in USAE signals are highly consistent with the evolution of tissue structure.
This study demonstrates the application potential of a USAE signal-based temperature feedback mechanism in HIFU therapy, providing a theoretical foundation and experimental basis for constructing a real-time and non-invasive acoustic feedback system.

PMID:
41077494
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 13 Oct 2025.

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