Authors
Sabiha R Hussain, Hana M El Sahly
Published in
Expert review of vaccines. Pages 2667742. May 05, 2026. Epub May 05, 2026.
Abstract
Respiratory infections with influenza, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 are a major cause of global mortality. Vaccination is a cornerstone of disease prevention, though traditional platforms face challenges. Recently, several vaccines utilizing mRNA and adenovirus platforms were brought to the market with additional vaccines undergoing Phase 3 clinical testing.
This review assesses vaccine literature primarily from 2020 to the present, using National Library of Medicine databases. The rapidity of mRNA technology was tested and implemented successfully during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since then, an mRNA RSV vaccine has been licensed as well. mRNA platforms also offer the ability of combining antigens for multivalent vaccines against multiple pathogens. There are several combination products in phase III clinical trials. Adenovirus-vectored vaccines for respiratory viruses have the added advantage of mucosal-based delivery and inducing a potentially stronger local immune response. However, both of these platforms have immunogenicity and safety shortcomings.
Novel respiratory virus vaccine platforms have demonstrated their importance with both endemic and pandemic pathogens, because of decades of concerted efforts and investment in research. Expediting future vaccine development requires a continuation of these efforts with a focus on pre-clinical models and a better understanding of correlates of protection.
PMID:
42083745
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 05 May 2026.
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