Design and Fabrication of Demountable 3D Microphysiological Systems.

Authors

Selina Banerjee, Ryan Brady, Lina Abu-Absi, Dylan Miller, Bryan Schellberg, Guohao Dai, Abigail Koppes, Ryan Koppes

Published in

Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods. Pages 19373384261457992. Jun 12, 2026. Epub Jun 12, 2026.

Abstract

Several recent advances in microphysiological systems or organ-on-chip technology have demonstrated its potential for replacing traditional in vitro and animal models in the coming years. Despite the physiological relevance and cost-effectiveness of organ chips, there are several hurdles that must be overcome for widespread adoption for biological studies. Many manufacturing and scalability challenges have been overcome by a transition from polydimethylsiloxane to thermoplastics. However, challenges have arisen in these sealed, brittle systems related to end-point tissue analyses, harvest, and high-resolution imaging, which is particularly difficult for multilayer organ chips. Here, we present low-cost organ chips that are fluidically sealed but demountable, fabricated using a cut-and-assemble method without the need for cleanroom technologies. We have validated the capabilities of this method by demonstrating the culture of human aortic smooth muscle cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cells, encapsulated in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel on chip, for up to 27 days. The three-dimensional (3D) culture layer of the organ chip was removed, and high-resolution images were obtained following immunostaining. Furthermore, these organ chips facilitate rapid redesign and manufacture for alternative tissue and/or interface systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first innervated organ chip with multiple removable cell culture layers, as well as the first humanized nerve-artery model that includes a 3D hydrogel culture. In future work, these unique features of our platform can be utilized for investigating the crosstalk mechanisms between different cell types in coculture.Impact StatementWe present here a new method for fabricating low-cost demountable organ-on-a-chip platforms. This method leverages our recent cut-and-assemble method for layered three-dimensional organ chips comprised of gas impermeable thermoplastics.

PMID:
42286969
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 13 Jun 2026.

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