Authors
Liluo Shi, Yuhai Zhao, Peng Jin, Zhipeng Cao, Zhouqing Xue, Ming Song, Yan Xu, Limei Sun, Wenchang Zhuang, Yaxin Chen
Published in
Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). Pages e74221. Jun 17, 2026. Epub Jun 17, 2026.
Abstract
The trade-off between low-voltage activity and reversibility remains a central obstacle to achieving high-performance carbon anodes in potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). Here, we employ a cross-scale structural modulation strategy in a flexible, self-supporting hard carbon (SSHC) anode to realize fast and reversible potassium storage at low voltages. The SSHC consists of microscale carbon fibers (∼9 µm in diameter) that form a binder- and additive-free framework, thereby limits surface side reactions, together with nanoscale stacked nanographtic layers (d002 = 0.367 nm) that provide enlarged K+ diffusion channels and stabilize low-voltage insertion. Benefiting from this cross-scale architecture, SSHC-1100 electrode delivers 236.8 mAh g-1 at 30 mA g-1, with 179.9 mAh g-1 below 0.5 V, outperforming graphite electrode (216 mAh g-1 in total, 150.4 mAh g-1 below 0.5 V). Despite its large specific surface area of 642.4 m2 g-1, the binder-free self-supporting fiber framework effectively suppresses irreversible side reactions and affords a high initial coulombic efficiency of 76.3%, higher than that of graphite (73.8%). These results indicate that coupling a microscale self-supporting architecture with nanoscale diffusion pathways is a practical route to simultaneously achieve low-voltage capacity and reversibility, and provide guidance for the design of advanced PIB anodes.
PMID:
42308383
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 18 Jun 2026.
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