Clinical characteristics, opportunistic infection spectrum and epidemiological analysis of pediatric AIDS patients in southwest China.

Authors

Yi Liao, Qi An, Chuan Wang, Dongmei Wang

Published in

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology. Volume 16. Pages 1824149. Epub Jun 04, 2026.

Abstract

This study aimed to exploring the clinical, opportunistic infections, and epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized pediatric HIV/AIDS patients in southwest China.
Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 87 hospitalized pediatric HIV/AIDS patients aged ≤14 years at the Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu from January 2017 to September 2025, employing statistical methods to examine demographic characteristics, clinical indicators, infection spectrum, geographical distribution, and treatment outcomes.
The gender ratio of the affected children was 1.02:1, predominantly Han and Yi ethnic groups, concentrated in the minority regions of western Sichuan, with an average age of 8.70 ± 3.91 years. Parents of 48.3% of the children were AIDS patients, 55.2% received antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 70.0% had reduced CD4⁺T cell counts. Opportunistic infections were mainly candidiasis (45.3%) and tuberculosis (26.7%), with infection risk significantly negatively correlated with CD4⁺T cell counts, and gender-specific infection differences. The number of cases first increased and then decreased, with ART primarily using the AZT + 3TC+EFV regimen. 93.1% of the children improved and were discharged.
Hospitalized pediatric HIV/AIDS patients in southwestern China is mainly transmitted from mother to child, with severe immune suppression at the time of diagnosis. The distribution of cases is related to medical resources. Although mother to child blockade and ART improve prognosis, there are still shortcomings in prevention and control in remote ethnic areas, and targeted screening, intervention, and medical resource allocation need to be strengthened.

PMID:
42328164
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 22 Jun 2026.

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