[Seroepidemiological study of pertussis among the population of Henan Province in 2024].

Authors

Q Liu, Y T Tang, J N Kong, W H Wang, Q H Dou, D X Feng, Y Y Lyu, L Zhang, M H Seng, B L Ding, J Li, Y F Ji, Y H Guo, Y Y Zhang

Published in

Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]. Volume 60. Issue 6. Pages 908-915. Jun 06, 2026.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the variation characteristics of pertussis toxin IgG (PT-IgG) and filamentous hemagglutinin IgG (FHA-IgG), as well as the immune protection and infection status of pertussis in Henan Province. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 31 townships (streets) selected from 16 prefecture-level cities in Henan Province in 2024. A total of 9 233 permanent residents were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of PT-IgG and FHA-IgG were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibody positivity rates (≥20 IU/ml), protection rates (both PT-IgG and FHA-IgG concentrations ≥20 IU/ml), and concentration differences were analyzed among populations with different age groups and immunization histories. A binary logistic regression model with restricted cubic splines (RCS) was used to investigate changes in PT-IgG and FHA-IgG antibody levels over time since the last vaccination dose. The reported cases of pertussis in Henan Province in 2024 were collected via the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, and the pertussis infection rate was estimated based on the PT-IgG level≥40 IU/ml. Results: Among the 9 233 participants, the overall positivity rates for PT-IgG and FHA-IgG were 18.61% and 45.42%, respectively, with the median concentrations being 5.46 (1.14, 15.02) IU/ml and 16.70 (5.11, 40.88) IU/ml, respectively, and the protection rate was 14.52%. The positive rate of PT-IgG showed a decreasing trend with age, while that of FHA-IgG showed an increasing trend (χ² for trend=16.79, 580.72, both P<0.001). Significant differences were observed in PT-IgG positivity rates, FHA-IgG positivity rates, and protection rates among children at different time intervals after the last dose of pertussis vaccine (χ²=119.97, 421.35, and 100.27; all P<0.001). Nonlinear relationships were found between the odds ratios (OR) of PT-IgG/FHA-IgG antibody levels and the time after the last vaccination dose (P_overall<0.001, P_nonlinear<0.001). In 2024, the reported incidence rate of pertussis was 23.09/100 000. The age groups of <1 year, 5-<6 years, 6-<7 years, and 7-<10 years accounted for a relatively high proportion of cases, at 14.02%, 13.24%, 15.10%, and 22.80%, respectively. The estimated infection rate was 9 705.47 per 100 000 among people aged ≥3 years, and the infection rates in the 5-<6, 6-<7, and 7-<10-year age groups were all higher than 11 000 per 100 000. For adolescents aged 15-<20 years and adults aged ≥20 years, the estimated infection rates were 10 351.27 per 100 000 and 8 672.82 per 100 000, respectively. Conclusion: In 2024, the levels of pertussis PT-IgG and FHA-IgG antibodies in the population of Henan Province fluctuate significantly with age, and the protection rate is relatively low. School-age children constitute the high-risk group for pertussis morbidity, and the infection in adolescents and adults is underestimated.

PMID:
42331530
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 23 Jun 2026.

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