Authors
K Du, Y X Wu, X J Yang, C Z Wu, C R Liu, M X Tang, S Li, L Chen, D Qian
Published in
Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]. Volume 60. Issue 6. Pages 893-900. Jun 06, 2026.
Abstract
Dust mites (DM) are important allergens for allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AA). This study aims to analyze the component characteristics of dust mite-sensitized patients in Shenzhen and to explore the association between specific IgE (sIgE) levels of particular components and AR as well as AR combined with AA. A retrospective cross-sectional cohort study was conducted to analyze patients who visited the Department of Allergy, Nanshan District People's Hospital of Shenzhen from December 2023 to December 2024 and were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (AR) with or without concurrent allergic asthma (AA). Serum samples were collected from these patients during their outpatient visits.DM recombinant protein component reagents and the DiXun DX-Blot 45II high-throughput fully automatic immunoblotting instrument were used to detect sIgE levels of dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae, Der f) component Der f 1, Der f 2 and house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Der p) component Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 5, Der p 7, Der p 10, Der p 21, Der p 23 by protein chip method. The aim was to examine the relationship between sIgE levels and AR and AA, as well as to identify the sensitizing components and multiple sensitizing components in AR patients. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in the sIgE levels of each component between the AR group and the AR complicated with AA group.The results showed that A total of 124 patients with AR induced by DM were included, including 66 (53.2%) with simple allergic rhinitis (AR) and 58 (46.8%) with AR combined with AA. The sensitization rates for DM components, from highest to lowest, were:Der p 2 (84.7%), Der f 2(84.7%), Der f 1(81.5%), Der p 1(74.2%), Der p 23(58.9%), Der p 21(33.1%), Der p 7 (24.2%), Der p 5 (22.6%), Der p 10(6.5%). The proportions of grade≥4 for Der p 2 (χ²=4.617, P=0.032) and Der f 2 (χ²=6.260, P=0.012). In the AR combined with AA group, the proportion of cases with grade 4 or higher was significantly higher than in the AR group (P<0.05), the difference was statistically significant. However, there were no significant differences among other components(P>0.05). The sIgE levels of Der p 1, Der f 1, Der p 2, and Der f 2 were significantly higher in the AR combined with AA group than in the AR group (P<0.05), with a small to moderate effect size.Among these, the difference in Der p 2, Der f 2 was the most significant (P<0.001). The higher sIgE levels in the AR combined with AA group may suggest a stronger correlation between comorbidities and immune responses.The sensitization of house dust mite components was characterized by multi-component sensitization (positive for more than 2 house dust mite component proteins), among which AR group was 79.1%, AR combined with AA group was 81.1%, and the multi-component sensitization of AR combined with AA group was slightly higher than that of AR group, without significant difference.(P>0.05) In conclusion, The main sensitization components of DM are component 1 (Der p 1 and Der f 1), component 2 (Der p 2 and Der f 2) and Der p 23 in Shenzhen region. The sIgE levels of dust mite components were higher in the AR with AA group than in the AR alone group. Component 2 (Der p 2 and Der f 2) is more likely to induce allergic reactionswith higher sIgE levels in patients of the AR combined with AA group. In this study, no significant difference was found in the sensitization rate to multiple components between the allergic rhinitis (AR) group and the AR combined with allergic asthma (AA) group.
PMID:
42331528
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 23 Jun 2026.
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