Tobacco Cessation Treatment in Pregnancy: Insights from Florida Medicaid Claims Data.

Authors

Lindsay T Olson, Leah Sussman, Margaret Moakley, Diana Poehler, Ben Allaire, Kay Roussos-Ross, Jaclyn M Hall

Published in

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. Jun 29, 2026. Epub Jun 29, 2026.

Abstract

Tobacco use increases risk for serious pregnancy complications, increasing infant and maternal morbidity and mortality. Cessation treatments are safe during pregnancy, increase the likelihood of successfully quitting, and decrease risk of negative neonatal health outcomes. All Florida Medicaid plans cover evidence-based cessation treatments. This study analyzed Medicaid claims to better understand cessation treatment utilization for pregnant people enrolled in Florida Medicaid.
We analyzed Florida Medicaid claims from 2018-2021 to assess utilization of tobacco cessation services among Medicaid beneficiaries with a delivery during the study period. We identified tobacco use status and perinatal episodes using diagnostic and procedural codes; we identified treatment utilization (counseling, pharmacotherapy) using procedural and prescription drug claims.
We identified 46 512 deliveries for people who use tobacco during the study period, making up 17.5% of all deliveries; among them, 6.3% received Medicaid covered tobacco cessation treatment during pregnancy and 2.4% postpartum. Among those treated, counseling was the most prevalent treatment during pregnancy (61.2%) and pharmacotherapy (NRT and cessation medication) was the most prevalent treatment (75.8%) postpartum.
Best practices indicate that clinicians should ask pregnant patients about tobacco use at every visit, document their status, and offer brief counseling and cessation treatment. Despite cessation treatment coverage by Medicaid, our analysis indicates that few clinicians and beneficiaries are using Medicaid coverage for cessation treatment during the perinatal period. These findings suggest an opportunity to increase utilization of covered cessation services for individuals who use tobacco who are pregnant/postpartum, reducing risk factors for morbidity and mortality.

PMID:
42372077
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 30 Jun 2026.

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