Predictive value of apparent diffusion coefficient, plasma levels of placental growth factor and glial fibrillary acidic protein, and their combinations for patients with recurrent glioblastoma.

Authors

Yujin Yin, Shuiming Deng, Zhiqiang Zhang, Wenjian Tang

Published in

Discover oncology. Jul 01, 2026. Epub Jul 01, 2026.

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GB) is the deadliest primary brain tumor, largely due to inevitable recurrence of the disease after partial surgical resection or resistance to drug treatments. The study aimed to evaluate the predictive values of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), plasma levels of placental growth factor (PGF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and their combination in GB recurrence.
The study included 200 patients diagnosed with GB consisting of 136 with tumor recurrence and 64 without. DWI examinations and PGF and GFAP measurements in the plasma were performed preoperatively.
The patients with recurrent disease exhibited a lower value of ADC with higher plasma PGF and GFAP levels than those with non-recurrence. The results of Pearson correlation analysis suggested the ADC shared negative correlations with plasma levels of PGF and GFAP in patients with recurrent GB. The plasma level of PGF was also found to be positively correlated with the plasma level of GFAP in patients with recurrent GB. The ADC, plasma levels of PGF and GFAP in predicting recurrent GB presented AUC: 0.75, 0.85, and 0.82, respectively. Combined analysis of two of three to evaluate the prediction showed AUCs of 0.98 (ADC and PGF), 0.96 (ADC and GFAP), and 0.84 (PGF and GFAP). Combined analysis of ADC and plasma PGF, ADC and plasma GFAP, PGF and GFAP to evaluate the prediction showed AUCs of 0.98, 0.96, and 0.84, respectively. Combined analysis of three of them to evaluate the prediction showed AUC as 0.98.
The study demonstrates that combined ADC and plasma PGF showed a similar predictive value in recurrent GB after standard treatment as combined ADC, plasma PGF and GFAP together. Considering limited sample size and lack of more sample types in this study, additional value of plasma GFAP in predicting recurrent GB should be further investigated in larger-scale population or different sample sources.

PMID:
42384255
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 01 Jul 2026.

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