Impact of Prior Adverse Pregnancy Outcome on Kidney Structure and Function in Kidney Donors.

Authors

Andrea G Kattah, Abdel R Salameh, Aidan F Mullan, Aleksandar Denic, Michelle A Josephson, Harini Chakkera, Andrew D Rule, Vesna D Garovic

Published in

Kidney360. Jul 01, 2026. Epub Jul 01, 2026.

Abstract

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and preterm delivery are associated with higher long-term cardiovascular, metabolic, and kidney disease risk. Their implications for living kidney donation remain uncertain.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 498 female living kidney donors (2000-2017) from the Mayo Clinic Living Donor Program with documented pregnancy histories, pre-donation CT angiography, implantation kidney biopsy, and measured GFR. Donors with prior HDP (n=45), GDM (n=18), or preterm delivery (n=65) were compared with donors without adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO; n=385). Kidney morphometry, histology, and function were analyzed with adjustment for age at donation and first pregnancy, parity, and hypertension. Post-donation kidney outcomes were assessed using surveys and medical record review.
Donors with prior HDP and GDM had higher BMI at donation (+7.9% and +8.9%; p=0.006 and 0.04), whereas donors with preterm delivery had lower BMI (-4.8%; p=0.03) compared with donors with no APO. After adjustment, donors with HDP showed no differences in kidney volumes, biopsy features, or kidney function at donation or during follow-up. Donors with GDM had larger total and cortical kidney volumes (9.5-10%), less arterial luminal stenosis, and higher 5-year post-donation eGFR (+15%; p=0.03). Donors with preterm delivery had a lower risk of eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 (HR 0.28; p=0.03).
Prior adverse pregnancy outcomes were not associated with adverse kidney structure at donation or accelerated kidney function decline post-donation. These findings support that APO history alone should not preclude living kidney donation when other eligibility criteria are met.

PMID:
42384456
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 02 Jul 2026.

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