Multi-fluid multi-species models for inverse first ionization potential effect.

Authors

Juan Martinez-Sykora, Paola Testa, Deborah Baker, Bart De Pontieu

Published in

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences. Volume 384. Issue 2323. Jul 02, 2026.

Abstract

The inverse first ionization potential (FIP) effect is rarely observed in the solar atmosphere, and this anomaly poses a challenging problem in understanding physical processes driving this chemical fractionation. In this work, we investigate various scenarios where the inverse FIP effect could occur using simplified one-dimensional multi-fluid MHD models. The model treats the full MHD equations with multi-fluid and multi-species effects, rather than using wave analysis to derive the ponderomotive force and semi-empirical one-dimensional models. In the parametric study considered here, for upward Alfvén waves, one can achieve a negative (opposite) ponderomotive force when the magnetic field strength and the magnetic flux tubes' expansion with height counteract the dissipation and damping effects from multi-fluid interactions. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Solar atmospheric abundances in space and time'.

PMID:
42391535
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 03 Jul 2026.

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