Authors
Sabine Ruf, Niko Christian Bock
Published in
European journal of orthodontics. Volume 48. Issue 4. Jun 02, 2026.
Abstract
While current evidence suggests that dentofacial orthopaedic treatment neither increases nor decreases TMD signs and symptoms, corresponding data on treatment performed in adults are lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the long-term (≥15 years) prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMD in adult Class II Herbst-multibracket appliance (MBA) patients including oral health related quality of life.
All patients (Department of Orthodontics, University of Giessen, Germany) in which Herbst-MBA treatment had been performed during adulthood and ended ≥15 years ago, that could be contacted and were willing to participate. Records from before (T0) and after active treatment (T1) were compared with the recall data (T2). The DC/TMD and the Helkimo index were used for TMJ analysis. In addition, the participants filled out the oral health impact profile (OHIP) questionnaire 14 at T2.
31 out of 51 patients with an average age at recall of 43.4 ± 7.4 years participated. The prevalence of patients free of TMD signs and symptoms (DC/TMD) was 50% (T0), 84% (T1), 75% (T2). The corresponding reduction in TMD prevalence went along with a decrease in TMD severity both anamnestically and clinically (Helkimo Index). Overall, signs and symptoms fluctuated and there was a trend towards improvement (T0-T1) and recurrence (T1-T2). None of the changes was statistically significant. The level of oral health related quality of life was very high (OHIP: median = 1).
Adult Herbst-MBA Class II treatment does not seem to be associated with a clear trend regarding incidence/prevalence of TMD in the long-term (≥15 years).
WHO ID: DRKS00023022.
PMID:
42397347
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 03 Jul 2026.
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