Design and development of gellan gum-derived photocrosslinkable hydrogel-based biomaterial inks for extrusion-based 3D printing.

Authors

Shambhavee Annurakshita, Hatai Jongprasitkul, Mari Niemelä, Sanna Turunen, Tomi Kalpio, David A Fulton, Minna Kellomäki, Vijay Singh Parihar

Published in

International journal of biological macromolecules. Pages 153330. Jul 05, 2026. Epub Jul 05, 2026.

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) printing enables the fabrication of hydrogel constructs with precise architecture, yet developing photocurable hydrogel biomaterial ink that combine printability, structural stability, and biofunctionality remains a challenge. Here, we present a gallol-functionalized gellan gum methacrylate (GGMA-GA) hydrogel as a robust photocrosslinkable biomaterial ink for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting. A dual-crosslinking strategy was employed in which mild ionic pre-crosslinking enhances shear-thinning and print fidelity, followed by photocrosslinking of methacrylate groups to reinforce mechanical stability post-printing. Incorporation of gallol moieties provides antioxidant activity and tissue adhesion, mitigating oxidative stress and promoting construct integration. We systematically evaluated rheological and swelling properties, printability, and cytocompatibility, demonstrating that GGMA-GA hydrogels maintain structural fidelity while supporting cell viability. The combination of low swelling degree, enhanced functionality, and precise printability positions GGMA-GA as a versatile photocurable hydrogel platform for extrusion-based 3D fabrication, with potential for long-term and in situ biomedical applications.

PMID:
42402296
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 06 Jul 2026.

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