Assessment of radionuclide contents and radiological health risks of infant formulae consumed in Türkiye.

Authors

Raghda A A Altamemi, Şeref Turhan, Aslı Kurnaz

Published in

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine. Volume 236. Pages 112798. Jul 06, 2026. Epub Jul 06, 2026.

Abstract

Food contamination with radionuclides can seriously threaten the health of infants due to their weak immune system. In this study, for the first time, the contents of the natural (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K) and anthropogenic (¹³⁷Cs) radionuclides in commercial infant formula and follow-on formula samples consumed in Türkiye were determined by gamma-ray spectroscopy. Also, the radiological health risk caused by the ingestion of these formulae was assessed by estimating the annual effective dose (E) and cancer risk (CR). The average activity concentrations (Bq/kg) of the radionuclides analyzed in the formula samples were 2.6 (²²⁶Ra), 2.8 (²³²Th), 162 (⁴⁰K), and <0.5 (¹³⁷Cs). The total average E (mSv/y) and mortality CR values were found to be 0.7 and 2.8 × 10^-6 (for infants) and 0.2 and 5.6 × 10^-6 (for toddlers). The results reveal that the investigated formula samples do not pose a significant effective dose and radiological health risk.

PMID:
42407205
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 07 Jul 2026.

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