MicroRNA In Metabolism-Related Fatty Liver Inflammation: Mechanisms and Clinical Translation Prospects.

Authors

Du Shihao, Wu Shaokang, Zhou Ji, Liu Huaqiang

Published in

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE. Issue 232. Jun 16, 2026. Epub Jun 16, 2026.

Abstract

Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) represents a growing global public health challenge. Its complex pathogenesis involves multiple pathological pathways, including lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis, yet effective specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches remain elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as key post-transcriptional regulators, play an important role in the development and progression of MASH. This narrative review examines the molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate lipid accumulation, inflammatory activation, hepatocyte injury, and fibrosis in MASH, while exploring their potential as non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis assessment. Additionally, the article focuses on analyzing the progress of preclinical research and the translational challenges of targeted therapeutic strategies based on miRNA mimics and antagonists, including delivery issues, off-target effects, reproducibility, and long-term safety. Despite encouraging preclinical evidence, major hurdles remain in clinical translation, including the lack of standardized protocols, efficient liver-specific delivery systems, and comprehensive safety data. Addressing these limitations may enable miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics to become precision tools for MASH management, though further validation through large-scale prospective studies is required.

PMID:
42406801
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 07 Jul 2026.

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