Peripheral B-cell receptor repertoire predicts immune-related adverse events following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Authors

Akihiro Yoshimura, Taigo Kato, Yasutomo Nakai, Masashi Nakayama, Atsuki Matsukawa, Hiromu Horitani, Masaru Tani, Masatoshi Konishi, Nesrine Sassi, Shunsuke Inoguchi, Tomohiro Kanaki, Toshiki Oka, Yuki Horibe, Yutong Liu, Yohei Okuda, Gaku Yamamichi, Yu Ishizuya, Takuji Hayashi, Yoshiyuki Yamamoto, Koji Hatano, Atsunari Kawashima, Kazuma Kiyotani, Norio Nonomura

Published in

Scientific reports. Jul 06, 2026. Epub Jul 06, 2026.

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination therapy is effective for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain unpredictable. We analyzed peripheral B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoires in patients with mRCC before and 1 month after ICI initiation. BCR complementarity-determining region 3 sequences were profiled by next-generation sequencing, and immune cell composition was estimated using CIBERSORTx. Among 24 patients, 14 developed grade ≥ 3 irAEs. Patients with irAEs showed increased memory B cells and decreased naïve B cells. IgG proportion increased after ICI therapy, while IgG diversity was reduced in patients with irAEs, accompanied by expansion of dominant IgG clones. Notably, several expanded IgG clonotypes were shared exclusively among patients with irAEs. These findings suggest that early changes in the peripheral BCR repertoire may serve as surrogate biomarkers for predicting irAEs in mRCC patients receiving ICI combination therapy.

PMID:
42410242
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 07 Jul 2026.

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