Biomechanical constraints of excessive adiposity on smartphone-derived directional acceleration and dynamic balance during unilateral sit-to-stand transitions in young adults.

Authors

Suttiwat Jeamtrakool, Weerasak Tapanya, Noppharath Sangkarit, Jittraphorn Wongphoek, Manus Chotjaroenrat

Published in

Scientific reports. Jul 06, 2026. Epub Jul 06, 2026.

Abstract

Excessive adiposity may alter dynamic postural control during functional tasks, but its influence on direction-specific acceleration during unilateral sit-to-stand transitions remains insufficiently understood. This study aims to examine the association between percent body fat and smartphone-derived direction-specific acceleration variables during the single-leg sit-to-stand test (SLSTST) in young adult females. Sixty young adult females, categorized by percent body fat as normal fat, overfat, and severe fat groups (n = 20 per group), performed the five-times SLSTST using the dominant leg. A smartphone positioned at the S2 level recorded linear acceleration in the mediolateral (ML), vertical (VT), and anteroposterior (AP) directions. Smartphone-derived acceleration variables were reported in cm/s², and task completion time was reported in seconds. Group differences were examined using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni-adjusted post-hoc comparisons. The severe fat group exhibited greater direction-specific acceleration than the normal fat group, including posterior AP acceleration (-20.93 vs. -11.31 cm/s²), ML acceleration (5.85 vs. 1.38 cm/s²), and downward VT acceleration (-13.09 vs. -6.15 cm/s²). Task completion time was also longer in the severe fat group than in the normal fat group (18.21 vs. 11.72 s; p < 0.001). Total acceleration did not differ significantly among groups (p = 0.096). Severe adiposity was associated with altered direction-specific acceleration behavior and slower SLSTST performance. These findings suggest increased mechanical demand for dynamic postural control during unilateral functional transitions. Smartphone-based accelerometry may provide a feasible approach for detecting movement-control alterations, although future studies incorporating force plates, motion capture, electromyography, and segmental body composition assessment are required to confirm the underlying mechanisms.

PMID:
42410108
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 07 Jul 2026.

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