Robust and reusable iridium oxide-modified FTO electrodes for long-term organ-on-a-chip monitoring.

Authors

Kaige Chen, Fan Zhuo, Changling Lv, Zeyu Chen, Xiang Chen, Han Shan

Published in

Biosensors & bioelectronics. Volume 311. Pages 118982. Jul 02, 2026. Epub Jul 02, 2026.

Abstract

Real-time monitoring in organ-on-a-chip (OoC) systems is critical for capturing dynamic drug responses, yet standard gold (Au) electrodes utilized in electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) suffer from opacity, high cost, and poor reusability. Here, we report a transparent, robust, and reusable sensing interface based on iridium oxide-modified fluorine-doped tin oxide (IrOx@FTO). By electrodepositing nanostructured IrOx onto FTO, we exploited its pseudocapacitive properties to significantly improve interfacial properties, enhancing sensitivity while preserving optical clarity. We integrated these electrodes into a 128-channel high-throughput platform to monitor HaCaT keratinocytes. The system successfully resolved acute surfactant-induced barrier disruption and differentiated dose-dependent cytotoxic responses to doxorubicin (DOX) with higher precision than bare FTO. Crucially, cycling tests involving repeated culture and cleaning revealed that IrOx@FTO maintains exceptional baseline stability, significantly outperforming gold electrodes which exhibited severe degradation and delamination. This work establishes a scalable, optically compatible, and cost-effective strategy for long-term, multi-modal monitoring in advanced microphysiological systems.

PMID:
42413146
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 08 Jul 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.