Mortality trends and projections for type 2 diabetes with concomitant Parkinson's versus Alzheimer's disease among older United States adults, 1999-2023: A retrospective cohort study.

Authors

Ting Zhang, Guoliang Ma, Weiwei Wang, Qiaoyu Huang, Simeng Sun, Huafeng Yang, Xin Hong

Published in

Medicine. Volume 105. Issue 27. Pages e49321. Jul 03, 2026.

Abstract

Although type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently co-occurs with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), a systematic comparison of their combined mortality burdens remains lacking. This study aimed to compare long-term mortality trends and project future burdens among older US adults with T2DM comorbid with either PD or AD. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using national mortality data (1999-2023) from the CDC WONDER database. Decedents were identified using ICD-10 codes for T2DM with PD (E11 + G20) or AD (E11 + G30). Temporal trends were analyzed to estimate annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC), and future age-adjusted mortality rates were projected through 2030. Both conditions exhibited sustained upward mortality trends from 1999 to 2023, with T2DM with PD showing higher relative growth (AAPCs) but lower absolute burden than T2DM with AD. The steepest increases in death counts occurred among Hispanic/Latino individuals and in the Western United States, while the highest AAPCs in age-adjusted mortality were seen among Hispanic/Latino adults with T2DM and AD and in the Western United States for both conditions. Males had higher age-adjusted mortality for T2DM with PD, whereas females had higher absolute death counts for T2DM with AD. Mortality for T2DM with PD peaked at ages 75 to 84, while for T2DM with AD it rose continuously with age. A marked shift from institutional to home-based deaths was observed. Projections indicate age-adjusted mortality will exceed 2023 levels by over 20% by 2030, reaching 6.66 (T2DM with PD) and 15.99 (T2DM with AD) per 1,00,000. Mortality associated with T2DM comorbid with PD or AD is escalating, characterized by distinct demographic and geographic disparities. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated clinical screening, stratified prevention strategies, and strengthened community-based care to mitigate the growing burden of these complex multimorbidities.

PMID:
42411944
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 08 Jul 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.