Cumulative Triglyceride and Remnant Cholesterol Increase Arterial Stiffness: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Authors

Bing Qing Kou, Yi Fan Zang, Bi Sen Liu, Yi Jin Pei, Chong Shen, Jian Xin Li, Fang Chao Liu, Jie Cao, Shu Feng Chen, Jian Feng Huang, Dong Feng Gu, Tong Wang, Ke Yong Huang, Xiang Feng Lu

Published in

Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES. Volume 39. Issue 6. Pages 641-651. Jun 20, 2026.

Abstract

Dyslipidemia has been linked to increased arterial stiffness. However, few studies have comprehensively assessed the cumulative effects of lipid profiles on arterial stiffness.
Based on the initial recruitment of 7,134 participants from the China-PAR cohort, we finally included 6,717 participants with up to four repeated lipid measurements between baseline (1998-2008) and the most recent follow-up (2018-2020). Cumulative exposure to total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, and remnant cholesterol (RC) was estimated using the area under the curve method. Arterial stiffness was measured in 2018-2020 using the arterial pressure-volume index (API) and the arterial velocity-pulse index (AVI), which reflect the stiffness of peripheral and central arteries, respectively.
Participants (mean age: 51.4 ± 10.3 years) included 2,598 men (38.68%), with a mean cumulative lipid exposure duration of 14.02 years. Cumulative TG, HDL-C, and RC were significantly associated with API levels, with adjusted β s (95% confidence intervals [ CIs]) of 2.31 (1.53, 3.08), -1.14 (-2.24, -0.04), and 2.39 (1.52, 3.25), respectively, for the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile. Restricted cubic splines showed nonlinear associations of cumulative TG and RC with API and a linear association for HDL-C (all P < 0.05). For AVI, only cumulative HDL-C showed a significant inverse association, with an adjusted β (95% CI) of -1.16 (-2.12, -0.21) for the highest quartile, and a nonlinear association was observed ( P < 0.05).
Long-term cumulative TG and RC were associated with increased peripheral arterial stiffness but not central arterial stiffness, and cumulative HDL-C was negatively associated with both peripheral and central arterial stiffness. These findings underscore the importance of long-term TG and RC control along with maintaining adequate HDL-C levels.

PMID:
42417233
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 08 Jul 2026.

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