Sex differences in the association between triglyceride glucose frailty index and cancer risk: A nationwide prospective cohort study.

Authors

Yuchen Ma, Suhong Ruan

Published in

Bulletin du cancer. Jul 08, 2026. Epub Jul 08, 2026.

Abstract

Triglyceride glucose frailty index (TyG-FI) has been proposed as a novel biomarker for insulin resistance and physiological decline. However, the association between TyG-FI and the risk of cancer, particularly regarding sex difference, remains unclear.
A total of 7914 middle-aged and elderly participants were enrolled from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline analysis were applied to explore the association between TyG-FI and the risk of cancer.
During a median follow-up of 9 years, 244 (104 events in men, 140 events in women) participants had occurred cancer. Our findings revealed a significant positive linear association between TyG-FI and the occurrence of cancer. Cox regression analysis revealed that elevated TyG-FI levels were associated with higher cancer risk (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.39). The association was still significant in women (HR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.66), but not in men (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.65, 1.15).
Our findings revealed that elevated TyG-FI levels were associated with higher cancer risk. TyG-FI was an independent prognostic predictor for the risk of cancer in women, but not in men.

PMID:
42420085
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 09 Jul 2026.

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