Enhancing perovskite solar cells efficiency via dual surface passivation.

Authors

Refka Sai, Shrouq H Aleithan

Published in

PloS one. Volume 21. Issue 7. Pages e0351439. Epub Jul 10, 2026.

Abstract

Effective defect passivation is essential for achieving high performance in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Dimensional engineering provides a powerful strategy to suppress non-radiative recombination in both the bulk and surface regions of PSCs. In this work, we present a novel interfacial passivation approach for the perovskite/hole transport layer interface using a dual-cation passivation layer composed of guanidinium bromide (GuaBr) and n-phenylethylammonium bromide (n-PEABr). This dual-cation strategy delivers an open-circuit voltage of 1.23 V and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.11%, significantly outperforming devices based on single-cation passivation. The combined cations induce the formation of a mixed 1D/2D perovskite structure, resulting in a more uniform and hydrophobic surface compared with unpassivated films. Moreover, stability tests conducted under ambient conditions (80% relative humidity) and continuous light-soaking reveal markedly enhanced device stability. The results demonstrate the superior passivation effectiveness of phenylethylammonium compared with previously reported methods. In particular, this approach surpasses the 23% PCE achieved using octylammonium passivation, achieving efficiencies exceeding 25%. Overall, the excellent defect passivation and favorable optical and electrical properties of phenylethylammonium play a key role in significantly improving both the efficiency and stability of PSCs.

PMID:
42430327
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 11 Jul 2026.

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