Neoantigens in Cancer Immunotherapy: An Overview with a Focus on Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Authors

Fatemeh Eskandari-Malayeri, Sajjad Shekarchian, Esmaeil Mortaz

Published in

Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology. Volume 25. Issue 4. Pages 462-474. Jun 03, 2026. Epub Jun 03, 2026.

Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) figure prominently in the list of prevalent and resistant cancers that reveal significant differences in response to immunotherapy. Neoantigens, specific antigens resulting from tumor mutations, play an important role in provoking immune responses and the success of immunotherapy. This review scrutinizes the quantitative and qualitative differences in neoantigens in NSCLC and PDAC and their impact on the efficacy of immunotherapy. The evidence suggests that the higher mutational burden, greater diversity, and different quality of neoantigens in NSCLC compared with PDAC are among the key drivers contributing to the enhanced susceptibility to immunotherapy in this cancer. These differences could pave the way for the development of personalized therapies and novel strategies to improve treatment outcomes in resistant cancers.

PMID:
42437308
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 12 Jul 2026.

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