Association Between Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Bronchiectasis in a Japanese Cohort.

Authors

Yuta Kono, Akane Masuda, Ryo Maruyama, Haruka Motohashi, Mariko Kogami, Mayuko Ishiwari, Ryota Kikuchi, Kenichi Kobayashi, Yuki Togashi, Kiyoaki Tsukahara, Shinji Abe

Published in

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan). Jul 11, 2026. Epub Jul 11, 2026.

Abstract

Objective Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) frequently coexists with bronchiectasis. Among the CRS phenotypes, CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), which is predominantly characterized by type 2 (T2) inflammation, has been associated with bronchiectasis in Western populations. However, CRSwNP exhibits substantial inflammatory heterogeneity in Asia. From an inflammatory perspective, eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS), a clinically defined CRS phenotype reflecting T2-dominant inflammation, may be more relevant to bronchiectasis. However, this association remains unclear. Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients aged ≥ 16 years who underwent paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) followed by chest CT at a tertiary care center. The patients were classified into three groups: non-CRS, non-ECRS CRS, and ECRS groups. The association between CRS phenotypes and the presence of bronchiectasis was evaluated. Results A total of 74 patients were included (non-CRS, n = 39; non-ECRS CRS, n = 24; and ECRS, n = 11). The prevalence of bronchiectasis differed significantly among the groups: 31% in non-CRS, 42% in non-ECRS CRS, and 91% in ECRS (p = 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, increasing age [odds ratio (OR), 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.07; p = 0.030] and ECRS (OR, 11.3; 95% CI, 1.15-111; p = 0.038) were independently associated with bronchiectasis. Conclusions ECRS is associated with bronchiectasis. These findings suggest that T2-dominant upper airway inflammation may contribute to the structural changes in the lower airways.

PMID:
42438021
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 13 Jul 2026.

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