Genes near tRNAs are enriched in translational machinery.

Authors

Caroline West, Lauren Dineen, Abigail Leavitt LaBella

Published in

G3 (Bethesda, Md.). Jul 13, 2026. Epub Jul 13, 2026.

Abstract

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are known for delivering amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain during translation. They can also influence gene expression, especially in times of nutrient starvation, through differential tRNA expression and modification. tRNAs have a highly consistent cloverleaf structure, but relatively few known regulatory elements govern this conserved structure despite the 20 different standard isotypes. This study examines gene enrichment patterns near tRNA genes across 1149 fungal genomes. Genes enriched in proteasome regulation, ion transport, and rRNA were found to be significantly closer to tRNAs than other pathways. These results were consistent across KEGG over-representation analysis (ORA), KEGG Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Proteasome, ion transport, and RNA are all important aspects of protein production and regulation, suggesting that genes required for the synthesis and quality control of proteins, including tRNAs, are located near each other. Protein regulation is an energetically expensive process, and local co-regulation could increase efficiency and stress impacts on proteins.

PMID:
42439004
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 13 Jul 2026.

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