Compositional analyses of accelerometer-measured 24-h movement behaviors among adults with normoglycemia, pre-diabetes phenotypes, and diabetes: a population-based study.

Authors

Jincheng Rong, Mandy Ho, Pui Hing Chau

Published in

International journal of obesity (2005). Jul 13, 2026. Epub Jul 13, 2026.

Abstract

Sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) collectively constitute a 24-h day. This study used compositional data analysis (CoDA), an approach appropriate for data composed of mutually exclusive parts of a whole, to examine the associations of 24-h movement behaviors with pre-diabetes phenotypes (isolated-impaired fasting plasma glucose [i-IFG], isolated-impaired glucose tolerance [i-IGT], and combined IFG + IGT) and diabetes.
This cross-sectional study analyzed 1222 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006. Time spent in SB, LIPA, and MVPA was measured via accelerometer, and sleep duration was determined via self-report. The glycemic status was classified as normoglycemia, pre-diabetes (i-IFG, i-IGT, or combined IFG + IGT), or diabetes based on the American Diabetes Association criteria. The CoDA was performed, adjusting for age, sex, education, and smoking status.
The study sample had a mean age of 41.02 (SD = 12.97) years and comprised 47.22% males. On average, participants spent 6.8 h in sleep, 9.4 h in SB, 7.3 h in LIPA, and 0.5 h in MVPA over a 24-h day. None of the four movement behaviors was associated with i-IFG (all p > 0.05). In contrast, SB was detrimentally associated with i-IGT (OR [95% CI] = 3.49 [1.10, 11.09], p = 0.038), and MVPA was favorably associated with combined IFG + IGT (OR [95% CI] = 0.57 [0.45, 0.71], p < 0.001). For diabetes, more time spent in sleep (OR [95% CI] = 0.47 [0.25, 0.88], p = 0.025) or MVPA (OR [95% CI] = 0.55 [0.39, 0.77], p = 0.005), and less time spent in SB (OR [95% CI] = 2.33 [1.07, 5.08], p = 0.037), were each associated with lower odds.
Findings of this study provide insights for the development of integrated 24-h movement recommendations to optimize diabetes prevention and management. Notably, the associations with 24-h movement behaviors appeared to differ across distinct pre-diabetes phenotypes, providing preliminary evidence for precision prevention strategies.

PMID:
42443431
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Jul 2026.

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