Authors
Yixuan Sun, Cong Xie, Malcolm J Borg, Weikun Huang, Michelle Bound, Jacqueline Grivell, Karen L Jones, Michael Horowitz, Tongzhi Wu, Christopher K Rayner
Published in
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. Jul 14, 2026. Epub Jul 14, 2026.
Abstract
To determine whether gastric emptying of an oral glucose load is related to the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) response to intestinal glucose exposure in healthy individuals.
42 healthy participants (20F/22 M, age: 35.1 ± 2.1 years; BMI 24.5 ± 0.6 kg/m2) were evaluated on 2 days. On Day 1, participants ingested a 75 g glucose drink containing 150 mg 13C-acetate, with the gastric half-emptying time (T50) (breath test) and blood glucose concentrations determined over 180 min. On Day 2, participants received an intraduodenal glucose infusion at 4kcal/min for 30 min. Plasma insulin, C-peptide and total GLP-1 concentrations were measured at frequent intervals.
There was a direct relationship between the T50 of oral glucose and the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for GLP-1 (t = 0-120 min) in response to intraduodenal glucose (r = 0.33, P = 0.03). When participants were stratified into tertiles according to T50, GLP-1 iAUC0-120min in response to intraduodenal glucose infusion was greater in participants with slower vs. faster gastric emptying (P = 0.02).
In healthy individuals, gastric emptying of a glucose drink is related to the magnitude of the GLP-1 response to intestinal glucose exposure. This finding supports the concept of intestinal 'sensitivity' to nutrients as a determinant of gastric emptying.
PMID:
42444530
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Jul 2026.
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