Mechanistic regulation of multielectron iodine chemistry in aqueous zinc-iodine batteries.

Authors

Yuxuan Zhang, Mingming Han, Yongxing Ding, Laixi Li, Chuangchao Sun, Duan-Chao Wang, Yingying Lu, Hao Cheng

Published in

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England). Jul 14, 2026. Epub Jul 14, 2026.

Abstract

Multielectron iodine chemistry provides a promising strategy for increasing the energy density of aqueous iodine-based batteries beyond the conventional two-electron I^-/I₂ redox couple. By exploiting higher-valence iodine species, including I⁺ and IO₃^-, aqueous iodine systems can, in principle, access greater electron-storage capacity. However, their practical implementation is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics, unstable redox intermediates, hydrolysis, and competing side reactions. This review focuses on a central challenge: how high-valence iodine species can be generated, stabilized, and reversibly converted in aqueous electrolytes. We summarize recent advances in solvation regulation, interhalogen mediation, molecular coordination, local microenvironment engineering, and higher-order iodine redox chemistry. We further discuss the mechanistic understanding and materials-design principles emerging from these studies, as well as the remaining challenges that must be overcome in order to develop practical high-energy aqueous iodine batteries.

PMID:
42444151
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Jul 2026.

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