Authors
Christopher N Kaufmann, Jennifer S Albrecht, Vishaldeep Kaur Sekhon, Alden L Gross, Emerson M Wickwire, Halima Amjad, David L Roth, Atul Malhotra, Marcela D Blinka, Xiaowen Chen, Chien-Yu Tseng, Marc Kaizi-Lutu, Chunyu Liu, Kening Jiang, Ginger Chang, Adam P Spira
Published in
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. Volume 22. Issue 7. Pages e71533.
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive decline, but short-term studies show limited cognitive benefits of its treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). We examined whether longer follow-up exhibits greater cognitive differences associated with CPAP use.
We analyzed 777 participants from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) with linked Medicare claims, with one or more claims for OSA and no baseline cognitive impairment. CPAP treatment was defined by one or more CPAP claims. Cognitive trajectories from 2011 to 2021 were estimated using a factor score derived from annual cognitive performance assessments and compared by CPAP treatment status using adjusted generalized linear mixed models.
Cognitive performance declined over follow-up. CPAP-treated participants declined by -0.03 standard deviation (SD) units per year (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.04, -0.02). Untreated participants experienced a 69% faster decline (CPAP-by-time interaction: -0.02; 95% CI: -0.04, -0.001).
CPAP therapy may slow cognitive decline in older adults with OSA.
PMID:
42445979
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Jul 2026.
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