Triglyceride-glucose index as predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus in early pregnancy: a prospective cohort study.

Authors

Ge Huang, Meng Su, Cheng Li, Hongzhuan Tan, Jing Deng, Mengshi Chen

Published in

Frontiers in endocrinology. Volume 17. Pages 1875641. Epub Jun 29, 2026.

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a serious threat to the health of both mothers and infants, and currently, methods for early and accurate prediction remain limited. This study aims to investigate the association between TyG levels in early pregnancy, TyG levels in mid-pregnancy, and their dynamic differences with the risk of developing gestational diabetes (GDM), thereby providing clinical guidance for the early prevention and control of GDM during pregnancy and the management of high-risk populations.
A prospective cohort study design was employed, enrolling 870 pregnant women. Variables were screened using univariate Cox regression, followed by the construction of a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model to analyze the independent association between the percentage increase in TyG levels and the change in TyG levels at different time points and the incidence of GDM.
Among the 870 study participants, 119 developed GDM, resulting in an incidence rate of 13.68%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for confounding factors such as age, BMI, and family history of diabetes, elevated TyG levels in early pregnancy, elevated TyG levels in mid-pregnancy, and a greater percentage increase in the difference between TyG levels in early and mid-pregnancy were all independent risk factors for GDM, with elevated TyG levels in mid-pregnancy posing the highest risk.
Elevated TyG indices during the first and second trimesters, as well as a progressive increase in TyG levels throughout pregnancy, are all independent risk factors for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). These factors have certain reference value for evaluating GDM risk and provide a basis for the early prevention and management of gestational diabetes.

PMID:
42445879
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Jul 2026.

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