Neuromodulatory effects of berberine chloride against aluminum chloride/D-Galactose induced Alzheimer-like neurodegeneration model in rats.

Authors

Adedoyin O Adefisan-Adeoye, Heritage Oluwadamilare, Mary Aisedion, Toyin S Shittu, Tare Amangele, Temitope D Adeoye, Jeremiah O Unuofin, Bukunmi M Orimolade, Sogolo L Lebelo, Oluwatosin A Adaramoye

Published in

Scientific reports. Jul 14, 2026. Epub Jul 14, 2026.

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss. This study evaluated the neuroprotective potential of berberine chloride (BC) against D-Galactose (D-Gal) and aluminum chloride (AlCl₃)-induced Alzheimer-like neurodegeneration models in rats using donepezil as a standard drug. Animals were randomly assigned into four groups: control, AD-model (D-Gal 60 mg/kg/day, i.p.+AlCl₃ 200 mg/kg/day, orally), BC-treated (100 mg/kg/day), and donepezil-treated (2 mg/kg/day). The AD model exhibited significant cognitive deficits, evidenced by reduced spontaneous alternation (39%↓), prolonged escape latency (38%↑), and diminished locomotor activity. BC markedly enhanced endogenous antioxidant defense, elevating superoxide dismutase and catalase activities by 165% and 145% (p < 0.05), while reducing lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels in brain tissue (67%↓). BC also markedly suppressed advanced glycation end (AGEs) products by 37% (p < 0.05). Furthermore, BC improved cholinergic function by significantly lowering serum acetylcholinesterase activity (30%↓) and ameilorated hepatic and renal biochemical indices-AST (42%↓), ALT (55%↓), and urea (55%↓). Histopathological examination revealed preservation of hippocampal and cortical neuronal architecture, with reduced neurodegeneration and gliosis in BC-treated animals. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that BC exerts potent neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory effects, highlighting its promise as a multi-target candidate for cognitive impairment.

PMID:
42449163
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 15 Jul 2026.

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