STN-DBS and LCIG differentially affect long-term axial symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Authors

Fabiana Colucci, Ahmet Kaymak, Pietro Antenucci, Andrea Gozzi, Antonio Emanuele Elia, Roberto Cilia, Valentina Leta, Arianna Braccia, Nico Golfrè Andreasi, Gianfranco Gaudiano, Grazia Devigili, Francesco Pirone, Mattia Tosi, Alberto Mazzoni, Luigi Michele Romito, Roberto Eleopra, Maura Pugliatti, Mariachiara Sensi

Published in

NPJ Parkinson's disease. Jul 14, 2026. Epub Jul 14, 2026.

Abstract

Bilateral subthalamic nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation (STN-DBS) and Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel (LCIG) represent established treatment options for complicated Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence regarding their effectiveness on axial symptoms remains limited, despite disability. This observational real-world cohort study included 317 PD patients who received STN-DBS (N = 203) or LCIG (N = 114) between 2005 and 2023 at two Italian centeres to compare their short- and long-term effects on axial symptoms. At baseline, LCIG group exhibited more severe axial and motor symptoms and higher prevalence of cognitive abnormalities than STN-DBS cohort. Longitudinally, LCIG treatment was associated with lower odds of long-term axial deterioration compared with STN-DBS, after adjustment for baseline differences and levodopa equivalent daily dose, despite an increased risk of dyskinesias. A significant treatment-by-time interaction suggested more favourable long-term axial symptom trajectories in the LCIG group.

PMID:
42449116
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 15 Jul 2026.

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