Programmatic encapsulation of hydrazine within polynitro frameworks for superior self-redox systems.

Authors

Xudong Xu, Qi Sun, Ning Ding, Zihao Wei, Aoxue Huang, Xudong Li, Xiaoting Ren, Jinxuan He, Shenghua Li, Siping Pang

Published in

Science advances. Volume 12. Issue 29. Pages eaee8120. Jul 17, 2026. Epub Jul 15, 2026.

Abstract

The controllable storage and efficient application of hydrazine (N₂H₄), a vital yet hazardous chemical, remains a continuous challenge. Herein, we report a series of polynitro frameworks (PNFs), PNF-4, PNF-5, and PNF-6, that achieve molecularly precise and programmable encapsulation of four, five, and six N₂H₄ molecules per unit cell, respectively. This precise loading is facilitated by a structural reconfiguration of the host framework, which immobilizes guest molecules via extensive hydrogen bonds-up to 36 pairs in PNF-6. Consequently, the confined neutral N₂H₄ exhibits record-high thermal stability, with decomposition initiating at 201°C. Furthermore, the integration of fuel (N₂H₄) and oxidizer (nitro groups) creates a superior self-redox system, which enhances the propulsion performance of formulation containing PNF-6. This work provides an effective strategy for the precise, safe, and high-energy storage of N₂H₄ for advanced aerospace applications while also offering previously unidentified insights for integrating reactive, small molecules into adaptive frameworks for multifunctional systems.

PMID:
42455884
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 16 Jul 2026.

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