MamNet-PT: A Mamba-enhanced hybrid architecture with selective state-space modeling for uncertainty-aware brain tumor segmentation.

Authors

Yu Sun, Yihang Qin

Published in

PloS one. Volume 21. Issue 7. Pages e0351667. Epub Jul 15, 2026.

Abstract

Precise segmentation of brain tumors from MRI remains a challenging problem in medical image analysis because tumor regions exhibit substantial size variability, diffuse and infiltrative boundaries, and severe foreground-background imbalance. To address these challenges, we propose MamNet-PT, a hybrid segmentation architecture that integrates efficient long-range dependency modeling, multi-resolution feature aggregation, and uncertainty-aware prediction within a unified framework. First, a selective state-space model is embedded into the U-Net-based feature pathway to capture long-range spatial dependencies with linear computational complexity, which is particularly important for irregular and spatially extended tumor regions. Second, a pre-trained ResNet-50 encoder is used to improve feature robustness under limited annotated medical data. Third, a gated feature interaction mechanism adaptively balances Mamba-derived global contextual features and CNN-derived local boundary features, avoiding simple feature concatenation or uncontrolled module stacking. In addition, a multi-resolution pyramid fusion module strengthens scale-aware representation of small enhancing foci and extensive edema, while Monte Carlo Dropout-based uncertainty estimation provides spatial confidence maps for retrospective confidence characterization and failure-mode analysis. On the BraTS2020 benchmark, MamNet-PT achieves a Dice score of 96.7% and an Intersection over Union of 95.4%, outperforming representative CNN-Transformer and Mamba-based segmentation baselines. Ablation experiments further confirm that the performance gain is attributable to the complementary effects of selective state-space modeling, gated global-local fusion, multi-resolution aggregation, and uncertainty-aware inference. These results suggest that MamNet-PT is a promising research framework for accurate and efficient brain tumor segmentation under retrospective benchmark evaluation.

PMID:
42455878
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 16 Jul 2026.

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