Authors
Jiangwen Xu, Hongyi Li, Jinxu Song, Haotian Li, Wenyuan Zhou, Jinshu Wang
Published in
The journal of physical chemistry letters. Jul 22, 2026. Epub Jul 22, 2026.
Abstract
The chlorine evolution reaction (CER) has been considered as the core reaction in the chlor-alkali industry, yet conventional ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) based dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) undergo high overpotential and have poor stability, especially under industrially relevant high current densities. Herein, a zinc (Zn) and tin (Sn) codoped catalyst (ZnSn-RuO2) was reported as a high-performance and durable CER electrode. Systematic electrochemical evaluations demonstrate that the obtained ZnSn-RuO2 catalysts provide a low overpotential of 41 mV at 100 mA cm-2, a small Tafel slope of 47 mV dec-1, and a high Cl2 selectivity of 97.8%. Notably, it maintains a stable operation for over 1000 h at 1 A cm-2 with negligible potential decay. Moreover, the good CER activity and selectivity enable it to be used for ammonium-nitrogen removal with an efficiency of 94.7% in 60 min. It has been discovered that Zn2+ can enhance RuO2 intrinsic activity, while Sn4+ incorporation effectively improves the stability of the RuO2 sample. The codoping strategy of Zn and Sn with different valence states modulates the electronic structure of Ru active sites for optimizing intermediate adsorption and stabilizes the structural integrity for suppressing Ru dissolution. This work provides a rational doping strategy to advance the activity and overcome the long-standing durability bottleneck of Ru-based CER catalysts, paving the way for energy-efficient and sustainable chlor-alkali electrolysis.
PMID:
42485466
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 23 Jul 2026.
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