Elevated CO₂ and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhanced black locust seedling defense under cadmium exposure by ¹³C isotopic tracer.

Authors

Xuelian Yang, Xia Jia, Yonghua Zhao, Xiaojuan Feng, Liangyu Huang

Published in

Mycorrhiza. Volume 36. Issue 4. Jul 23, 2026. Epub Jul 23, 2026.

Abstract

Elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) positively influence plant defense under heavy metal exposure individually, however, the combination of them and the contribution of eCO₂ were still unclear. The pot experiment was employed to explore the combined effect of eCO₂ (700 ppm) and Funneliformis mosseae on the defense of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) grown in cadmium (Cd)-polluted soils by ¹³C isotope tracer. Elevated CO₂ significantly caused an increase in Cd content, decreases in contents of malonaldehyde, carotenoids, soluble sugars and proteins, metallothioneins (MTs) and proline and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase and increases in ascorbic acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys) and phytochelatins (PCs) in leaves under F. mosseae colonization. Additionally, the indirect contributions of eCO₂ to AsA, GSH, Car, proline, soluble sugars and proteins, Cys, PCs and MTs under eCO₂ + F. mosseae were lower than that under eCO₂ alone. Overall, eCO₂ enhanced the defense of black locust colonized by F. mosseae under Cd exposure by stimulating AsA, GSH, PCs and Cys synthesis, which will provide some insights into the effect of global change on the resistance mechanism of plants colonized by AMF to heavy metals.

PMID:
42489944
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 23 Jul 2026.

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