Determination of elements in cathode part of rechargeable lithium ion laptop and primary coin cell batteries using ICP-OES and XRF techniques.

Authors

Mohammed M Shukr, Kamal M Mahmoud

Published in

RSC advances. Jul 17, 2026. Epub Jul 17, 2026.

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) depend on precise elemental composition determination in their cathode materials to maximize electrochemical performance, guarantee material consistency, and facilitate recycling compliance. This work provides a comparison of two techniques for evaluation of elements in LIB cathodes using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The aim of this study is analyzing the cathode part to determine its composition, so 22 samples of (brand new and totally discharged (expired)) primary coin cell and rechargeable lithium ion batteries, which were collected from local shops, and their cathode parts were prepared, and various elements were determined using XRF and ICP-OES. According to the results, concentrations of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn detected by ICP-OES were greater than 10 000 ppm, whereas concentrations of Co, Ni, and Mn detected by XRF were also greater than 10 000 ppm. And some elements were in lower concentrations and some of them weren't detected by both devices. The results revealed a significant difference in cathode elemental composition, which may be related to the energy capacity and manufacturing year.

PMID:
42491744
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 24 Jul 2026.

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