Authors
Tianyi Liu, Rou Meng, Shufen Zhang, Suli Wu
Published in
Smart molecules : open access. Pages e70065. Jun 24, 2026. Epub Jun 24, 2026.
Abstract
The integration of structural color, photoluminescence, and afterglow into a single material remains a fundamental challenge due to the conflicting requirements for structural integrity and high-temperature crystallization. Here, we present a SiO 2 -nanoarmor and calcination decoupling collaborative strategy to create monodisperse wurtzite-type ZnS: X@SiO2 spheres (X = Ag+, Cu2+, Mn2+) as a unified, single-particle optical platform. Spatially, a conformal SiO2 nanocoating acts as a thermally stable scaffold, preserving perfect spherical morphology during solid-phase transformation at 1000°C, thereby enabling angle-independent structural colors across the visible spectrum via Mie resonance. Calcination decoupling was achieved through an alternating O2/N2 atmosphere, which removes carbon deposits at low temperature and subsequently drives a complete sphalerite-to-wurtzite phase transition with 91% conversion, while preventing oxidation. Programmable doping introduces engineered energy levels, enabling tunable photoluminescence from 490 nm (blue) to 600 nm (orange) and white emission through co-doping. The fluorescence quantum yield was 12.8%. Notably, Cu- and Mn-doped spheres exhibit green afterglow lasting up to 12.27 s, and their duration was controlled by the content of the wurtzite phase. This intrinsic multifunctionality allows sophisticated multi-channel optical encryption, where a single pattern sequentially displays distinct information under natural light, UV illumination, and afterglow conditions.
PMID:
42500714
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 25 Jul 2026.
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