Emergence of Universality in Transport of Noisy Free Fermions.

Authors

João Costa, Pedro Ribeiro, Andrea De Luca

Published in

Physical review letters. Volume 137. Issue 2. Pages 020403. Jul 10, 2026.

Abstract

We analyze the effects of various forms of noise on one-dimensional systems of noninteracting fermions. In the strong noise limit, we demonstrate, under mild assumptions, that the statistics of the fermionic correlation matrix in the thermodynamic limit follow a universal form described by the recently introduced quantum simple symmetric exclusion process (QSSEP). For charge transport, we show that QSSEP, along with all models in its universality class, shares the same large deviation function for the transferred charge as the classical SSEP model. The method we introduce to derive this result relies on a gaugelike invariance associated with the choice of the bond where the current is measured. This approach enables the explicit calculation of the cumulant-generating function for both QSSEP and SSEP and establishes an exact correspondence between them. These analytical findings are validated by extensive numerical simulations. Our results establish that a wide range of noisy free-fermionic models share the same QSSEP universality class and show that their transport properties are essentially classical.

PMID:
42503077
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 26 Jul 2026.

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