[Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pulmonary adverse events].

Authors

Björn C Frye, Prerana Agarwal, Daiana Stolz

Published in

Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946). Volume 151. Issue 15. Pages 828-834. Epub Jul 27, 2026.

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly antibodies targeting PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, have fundamentally transformed the treatment landscape of numerous malignant diseases. By blocking T-cell inhibitory mechanisms, they enable an enhanced immune response against malignancies, but can also trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Pulmonary irAEs - most notably ICI-associated pneumonitis (ICI-P) - occur in up to 20% of treated patients (with study-reported rates ranging from 1-6%) and may progress to respiratory failure. The clinical presentation is characterized by dyspnea, cough, and hypoxemia; radiologically, organizing pneumonia, NSIP pattern, and bronchiolocentric pattern are most commonly observed. Management is severity-dependent and includes treatment interruption, immunosuppression with corticosteroids, and, where necessary, second-line immunosuppressive therapy. The most important differential diagnoses include infection, tumour progression, and radiation pneumonitis.

PMID:
42508416
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 28 Jul 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.